From this week we will get a new blog every week on system design topic. I will be posting a new blog every sunday on system design.

System Design

It is the process of defining architecture, interfaces and data for a system that might satisfy some specific requirements. System design is needed to build effecient system. System design helps us define a solution to our business requirements. It is required to think at high level because these decisions are very dificult to correct, once we completed our system design then again if we need to make any changes then it will take so much of efforts to change.

IP

An IP address is a unique address that identifies a machine in the internet or on local network. We have so many devices connected to internet, to identify a particular device we need an ip address. IP (Internet Protocol) address are the identifier that allows information to be sent between devices.

We have two types of IP addresses

• IPv4

  The original internet protocol is IPv4 which uses a 32-bit numeric dot-decimal notation that only allows for around 4 billion IP addresses. Since devices are increasing exponentially we have IPv6.

• IPv6

  The IPv6 version uses 128-bit alphanumeric hexadecimal notation. This means that IPv6 can provide more number of IP addresses.

Types of IP addresses

• Public

  A public IP address is an address where one primary address is associated with your whole network. In this type of IP address, each of the connected devices has the same IP address.

Example: IP address provided to your router by the ISP.

• Private

  A private IP address is a unique IP number assigned to every device that connects to your internet network, which includes devices like computers, tablets, and smartphones, which are used in your household.

Example: IP addresses generated by your home router for your devices.

• Static

  A static IP address does not change and is one that was manually created, as opposed to having been assigned. These addresses are usually more expensive but are more reliable.

Example: They are usually used for important things like reliable geo-location services, remote access, server hosting, etc.

• Dynamic

  A dynamic IP address changes from time to time and is not always the same. It has been assigned by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Dynamic IP addresses are the most common type of internet protocol address. They are cheaper to deploy and allow us to reuse IP addresses within a network as needed.

Example: They are more commonly used for consumer equipment and personal use.